Which law prohibits employment discrimination based on five criteria?

• A. ADA
• B. Buckley Amendment
• C. Harassment
• D. Title VII

Answer: (D)

Employment discrimination protections in the workplace are defined by laws that specify which characteristics cannot be used to make employment decisions. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act is the federal law that prohibits discrimination based on five protected characteristics: race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. It applies to most employers and covers hiring, firing, pay, promotions, and other terms and conditions of employment. Because the question focuses on discrimination tied to those five criteria, Title VII is the law that directly addresses and prohibits it.

The other options don’t fit this specific scope: the ADA protects against discrimination based on disability, not the five characteristics; the Buckley Amendment (FERPA) concerns student records privacy; harassment describes improper behavior but is not a standalone law governing employment discrimination.